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The idea of using a pair of matched lenses for viewfinding and taking dates back to the earliest days of photography and various designs were available during the latter half of the 19th century.
Rolleiflex 2.8 separation series#
The Rollop series of TLRs were notable for having injection-moulded aluminium bodies. Lipca was a small German camera maker that was started in 1947 and ceased making cameras in 1962. And, after Nikon did the same thing with 35mm in 1959 when it introduced its F system, rollfilm itself was subsequently also under increasing threat from the smaller format. In practical terms, the cons easily outweighed the pros, which became even more apparent as the rollfilm SLR was perfected with the added flexibility of a modular, interchangeable lens design, such as was first introduced by Hasselblad in 1948 with its 1600F. Finally, most leaf shutters have a top speed of 1/500 second with a few, later on, allowing for a setting of 1/1000 second. The separate lens for the viewfinder meant that many TLRs didn’t have depth-of-field preview and it was also impossible to preview the effects of filters.
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The boxy body was only really comfortable to handle when using the waist-level finder and, additionally, this image is always reversed. Over time too, the disadvantages of the design came to be accentuated as the SLR gained in popularity. Over time, these features were promoted as attributes compared to the SLR or single lens reflex camera, but in the TLR’s early days they were simply related to the configuration and the moving mirror was still in the future. There were a number of cameras in 1950s and 1960s with a similar design and these were known as pseudo TLRs. It looks like a TLR, but the Elioflex’s viewfinder isn’t actually a reflex type, rather just an oversized brilliant finder with no focusing screen. It was more of an issue when shooting close-up, but many TLRs had a moving indicator in the viewfinder to show the difference in framing.įerrania Elioflex BK] Ferrania Elioflex (1950).
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There is some parallax error – the slight difference in the two lenses’ fields of view – but it was negligible when focusing over long distances. The mirror accounts for the word “reflex” and the twin lens arrangement was designed to give a viewfinder image that was very close to the one that was recorded by the taking lens. The lower lens is the ‘taking’ lens, while the upper lens is the viewing lens, behind which is a fixed mirror set at 45-degrees to reflect the image up to a focusing screen. (Image credit: Future)Īs the name suggests, the TLR employs two lenses of the same focal length, arranged one above the other. Production has likely finished, but some ‘new old’ stock may still be available. the viewfinder isn’t reflex) and was available in a range of brightly colored front plates. Launched during the ‘plastic fantastic’ camera craze, the Blackbird Fly is a 35mm pseudo TLR (i.e.